When it comes to oral hygiene, most people know the basics: brush at least twice a day, floss regularly, and see your dentist for checkups. We all know brushing after every meal is better than twice a day. But, did you know that brushing much more than that can have negative consequences? In fact, brushing more often or more vigorously can do more harm than good.

What is overbrushing?

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Overbrushing, sometimes called “toothbrush abrasion,” happens when you brush your teeth too often, too long, or too hard. It’s not just about frequency — your brushing technique and the type of toothbrush you use also matter.

This can cause damage to your teeth, including:

Damage to tooth enamel

Your tooth enamel is the hardest substance in your body, but it’s not indestructible. Brushing with excessive force or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can gradually wear it down. Once enamel is gone, it doesn’t grow back, leaving teeth more vulnerable to decay, sensitivity, and staining.

Gum recession

Aggressive brushing can push your gum tissue away from your teeth, exposing the delicate roots underneath. This not only causes sensitivity to hot and cold but can also increase the risk of gum disease and root decay.

Signs you might be overbrushing

For most, overbrushing isn’t much of a concern. However, if you’re dealing with two or more of the symptoms below, you may want to ask your dentist about it.

  • Increased tooth sensitivity
  • Receding gumlines
  • Notches or wear marks near the gumline
  • Bristles on your toothbrush fraying within a few weeks

How to brush safely

Here are a few tips on how to avoid overbrushing:

  • Use a soft-bristled toothbrush: It’s gentle on enamel and gums while still effective at cleaning.
  • Lighten your grip: Imagine holding your brush like a pen — this helps control pressure.
  • Follow the two-minute rule: Brush twice a day for two minutes, no more.
  • Use gentle, circular motions: Avoid aggressive back-and-forth scrubbing.
  • Consider an electric toothbrush: Many models have pressure sensors to alert you if you’re brushing too hard.

Goldilocks brushing

Brushing is essential for good oral health, but more isn’t always better. Overbrushing can lead to irreversible damage that may require costly dental repairs. By using the right tools and techniques — and resisting the urge to “scrub” — you can protect both your teeth and gums for years to come.